Reflection

This last post is going to be a short reflection about the module 'Emergant Media and Markets'. I feel that this module has gone pretty well for me. I really enjoyed the presentation which we had to prepare and present and have found doing the blogs really interesting as it has allowed me to learn and discover new things. I particularly enjoyed doing my first blog about Aleks Krotoski and the blog about RFID tags especially the Izzy's ice-cream part which was fun.

I have found doing the blogs useful as they have allowed me to further my knowledge in some areas which I knew very little about which is good!

However, I feel that I could have done better in my journalistic report as it did not turn out how I wanted it to. I really wanted to display my writing on a website that I had made however once I had completed it I was not happy with how it ;looked and therefore decided to present it as a blog entry instead. I also feel that I could have done better on the writing of the report.

Overall I believe that I have put quite a lot of effort into this module and have enjoyed it. I think that I have learnt quite a lot although can see where I could have done things better.

Can increased enforcements of copyright laws be considered the enemy of creativity?

After a fellow student presented a presentation to us about Piracy and Copyright I have decided to look further into copyright issues and how they may hinder a persons creativity in this post.

What is copyright?

Copyright is seen as being something which protects your ideas from other people copying them ‘Copyright is the right to prevent others copying or reproducing an individuals or other’s work. Copyright protects the expression of an idea and not the idea itself’ Ward, (2004 P.71).

As in England and America copyright began as a common law. ‘Copyright has its origins in the 16^th century’ Ward. (2004 P.72) and it was initially only concerned with printed material such as books, ‘...in 1556, a system of registration of books was established to offer protection to authors’ Ward, (2004, P.72). However, AD Hoc changes over the next 200 years to gradually include additional types of material. Statutory copyright was first established by 1709 copyright act. ‘A statutory license is a license whose key terms are set by law’ Lessig, (2004 P.57). In 1709 America establishes its first copyright law which is emended from the English copyright law. The power to establish ‘creative property’ rights were included in the US constitution, ‘Congress has the power to promote the progress of science and useful arts, by securing for limited times to authors and inventors. The exclusive right to their respective writings and discoveries.’ US constitution, (article 1, section B, Clause B). The copyright law secures copyright for 14 years and allows the author the opportunity to renew for a further period of 14 years. After this maximum period of 28 years the work was entered to the public domain and could be freely used. In 1909 the renewal terms were increased by another 28 years. Also ‘After the congress’s amendment of the Copyright Act in 1909, record companies were free to distribute copies of recordings so long as they paid the composer ( or copyright holder) the fee set by the statute.’ Lessig (2004 P.57.) Copyright terms extended 11 times since 1962. And finally in 1976 the United States abandoned the renewal principle in favour of one maximum copyright term; life plus 50 years for individuals, and life plus 75 years for corporations.

Copyright law was initially intended to protect intangible properties, that, that is not physical property. For example if you own a book and you stand on it you are not breaking copyright laws because the actual physical book itself is not copyrighted, it is the content which is in the book that is copyrighted so you can’t do what you want with it.  Having copyright laws stops a person from copying other peoples work or stealing ideas which is fair for the copyright holders. However, it doesn’t allow people to adapt and change others ideas. This could be argued however to encourage creativity not hinder it, ‘Originality is a fundamental principle of copyright. It implies that the author or artist created the work through his or her own skill, labour, and judgement.’ Vaidhyanathen (2001 P.20). This statement surely supports the idea that copyright is not an enemy of creativity as it forces people to come up with brand new, original ideas rather than just adapting already existing ones. Also without copyright laws anyone could claim to have invented or written something and the actual inventor could not be credited on his or hers work.

Case study

There is a lot of evidence to support that copyright laws are an enemy of creativity and when supposedly broken they can have terrible consequences. In late 2002 Jesse James was a freashman at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in New York and he was majoring in information technology. ‘Though he is not a programmer, in October Jesse decided to tinker with search engine technology that was available on the RPI network’. Lessig (2004 P.48). He ‘tinkered’ with a Google-like search engine which allowed other students to up load pictures and notes onto it. Jesse’s s search engine became popular and it included things which were available on the RPI network. There were however music files which other students had uploaded into their public folder ‘Jesse did nothing to induce people to put music files into their public folder. He did nothing to target the search engine to these files.’ Lessig (2004 P50) On the 3^rd of April he was notified that the ‘Recording Industry Association’ would be filing a lawsuit against him and three other students that he did not no. Jesse did not believe that he had done anything wrong and claimed he was just making the search engine easier to use. He was fined with $150,000 per infringement which all together totalled to over $15,000,000. All he had done was play around with computer and internet technology as he was studying it, how is it fair that he was fined so much basically doing nothing wrong. Between the years of 1790 and 1800 only 5% of works created were registered for copyright. Now nearly everything is copyrighted. Even borrowing a CD from a friend is illegal.  '95% of music downloads are illegal'

This newspaper article from 2009 is one I found whilst doing my research for this blog it talks about what may happen to you if you download illegaly!

The increasing laws and lack of freedom we have is going to put people off trying new things in case somebody has already copyrighted or patent an idea and they end up getting sued for millions of dollars. People now have to worry about whether or not what they are doing is legal or not.  internet is more than the fine for a doctor negligently butchering a patient (approx $250,000)’ Lessig (2004 P.185), people who do often never publish or produce them ‘We drive creative process underground...’ Lessig (2004 P.185). It can also be seen to be an unconstructive law, for example ‘Myriad genetics’ have brought the copyright for a gene which is thought to be linked with breast cancer. This means that they own the right over the gene. The problem which occurs from this is that they can allow or even disallow others to study the gene. They can give a license to whoever they want. Essentially this means that someone may have been able to find a cure for breast cancer but ‘Myriad genetics’ have denied them a license. This shows that the copyright law has gone too far, anything can be copyrighted even parts of the human body. Having such strict and so many copyright laws as this essay shows is an enemy when it comes to creativity. ‘...regulations that pass under the name ‘copyright’ silence speech and creativity’ Lessig (2004 P.187).

 

 

 

References

Lessig. L, 2004, Free culture: The nature and future of creativity. London, The Penguin Press.

Vaidhyanathan. S. 2001, Copyrights and Copywrongs: The rise of intellectual property and how it threatens creativity. New York, New York University press.

Ward. M. 2004 The Law and Intellectual Property: The complete guied to all aspects of intellectual property. Brighton. Straightforward publishing.

No named author, 2009, 95% of music downloads are illegal Belfasttelegraph.co.uk, 18th January. Available at: http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/lifestyle/technology-gadgets/95-of-music-downloads-are-illegal-14145599.html Last Accessed: 10/01/11

No named author. 2009. Illegal downloading: What happens if you're caught? theindependant.co.uk, 8th July. Available at:http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/features/illegal-downloading-what-happens-if-youre-caught-1736013.html Last Accessed: 10/01/11

Images

Copyright Available at: http://www.flickr.com/photos/mikeblogs/3020966666/ Last Accessed: 10/01/11

Dollar Available at:http://www.yearn2earncash.com/links/ Last Accessed: 10/01/11

RFID Tags

As I was unable to attend Alan's lecture I have been asked to write two blogs which relates to the presentations made by my fellow students.

For this blog I have decided to look at RFID tags.

RFID tag

'RFID is an emerging communication system technology and is one of the most rapidly growing segments of today's automatic identification data collection agency.' RFID tags are a type of technology that uses communication via radio waves to pass data between a reader and an electronic  tag which is attached to an object.

How it actually works...

Although during my research I came across a couple of sources which stated that there are three types of RFID tags the majority stated that there are two main types. 'There are two general classifications for RFID tags: active and passive'

Passive

Passive tags are commonly used in:

• Logistics such as manufacturing, warehousing and distribution.
• Security in libraries, bookstores, passports and airports



Tag on a passport

• Transportation in automatic vehicle identification, electronic toll collection and electronic vehicle control.

Advantages

• The tag functions without a battery
• They have a useful life of twenty years or more
• This tag (when compared to active) is less expensive 'Passive tags are mostly deployed primarily for their low cost and ease of implementation due to established standars'
• They are also extremely small, some as small and smaller than a grain of rice.



This image shows just how small these tags can be.

• They have almost unlimited applications in consumer goods and other areas.

Disadvantages

• They can only be read at very short distances, typically a few feet at most. this greatly limits the device for certain applications.
• It may not be possible to include sensors that can use electricity for power.
• The tag remains readable for a very long time, even after the product to which the tag is attached is no longer being tracked. During my research a came across this article about a store where I live having problems which RFID tags that they had put on razor blades.

Active

'Active tags prove to be extremely flexible in terms of the functionality they can offer. this is due to their on board battery which extends their reading range'
'Active RFID tags are now commonly being used to track and locate valuable assets in the health care, manufacturing and logistics market'. These tags are also used in the Department of Defense (DOD). They started to use active RFID in the 'early 1990's to help with in transit visibility of shipments'

Advantages

• These tags can be read at a distance of 100 feet or more, greatly improving the utility of the device. They have the longest communication range of any tag.
• They may have other sensors that can use electricity for power
•  They have the capability to perform independent monitoring and control.
• They have the capability to initiate communication
• They have the highest data bandwidth..

Disadvantages

• The tag cannot function without battery power which therefore limits its lifetime.
• These tags are typically more expensive than passive RFID tags.
• These tags are larger which may limit applications.

There are mixed opinions about both forms of RFID tags with passive tags favoured by 'Wal-Mart' and active tags being integrated into critical business processes which are more useful? 'A guide to selecting an Active RFID tag' is a online article that I found which favours the active tag. 

RFID tags and ice-cream? This is a fairly recent newspaper article from September 2010 which I found really interesting. It talks about how RFID tags can be used to enhance your social food experience. 'Izzy's ice-cream' is a shop in the US which serves over 100 different flavours of ice-cream but it can only serve 32 fresh daily. So Izzy's created  'RFID flavour tags' which allow customers who are signed in to know what flavours of ice-cream are being served, it is updated every 3 minutes.

Future?

It is thought that in the near future RFID tags could be used to reduce the ques in grocery shops. This article explains how a new tag has been developed which could replace the bar codes which are on the products we buy. This will allow the consumer to not have to que to pay for their goods., instead they would have to run the trolley by a detector which would instantly know what was in the trolley making food shopping a lot less stressful.

Bibliography

Lehpamer. H. 2008 RFID design principles, Noorwood ARTECH HOUSE


Rida. A. 2010 RFID- Enabled Sensor Design and Applications, Noorwood, ARTECH HOUSE


Web sources

Daniley. G. 2007 A guide to selecting an Active RFID tag. TheManufacture.com, 11th May, Available at: http://www.themanufacturer.com/us/content/5547/A_guide_to_selecting_an_Active_RFID_tag. Last Accessed: 08/01/10

Kumar. N. 2010, (Future of Retail) New RFID tags could reduce lines at grocery stores, 28th April, Available at: http://www.psfk.com/2010/04/future-of-retail-new-rfid-tags-could-reduce-lines-at-grocery-stores.html ;Last Accessed: 08/01/10

Millward. D 2007 . Airports to track passengers with radio ID tags, 10th April, Available at: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1548100/Airports-to-track-passengers-with-radio-ID-tags.html
Last Accessed: 08/01/10

RFID Tags: Passive Tags or Active Tags, 2010, Online, Available at: http://www.buzzle.com/articles/rfid-tags-passive-tags-or-active-tags.html Last Accessed: 08/01/10

U.S. Government Accountability Office, 2006, Defense logistics: More efficient use of RFID tags could potentially avoid millions in unnecessary purchase, Online, Available at: http://libweb.anglia.ac.uk/referencing/harvard.htm Last Accessed: 08/01/10

No named author. 2010, RFID tags to enhance your social food experience, 13th September, Available at: http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/food-and-drink/rfid-tags-to-enhance-your-social-food-experience-2077747.html Last Accessed: 08/01/10

Images

RFID Tag, Available at: http://www.flickr.com/photos/midnightcomm/171587228/ Last Accessed: 08/01/10

Tag in passport, Available at: http://www.jasonkitcat.com/category/e-democ-e-gov/ Last Accessed: 08/01/10

RFID Tag on finger, Available at: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1548100/Airports-to-track-passengers-with-radio-ID-tags.html Last Accessed: 08/01/10

Izzy's Ice-cream, Available at: http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/9176795/Ice_cream_with_RFID_chips_to_go Last Accessed: 08/01.10

Augmented Realitly

During the 'where's the interface now lecture' I really enjoyed the part where we were talking about Augmented Reality. I have decided that this post is going to look at augmented reality in the form of applications which are available for download to your mobile phone.

So, what it augmented reality?

Well, in his book Spatial augmented reality: merging reality and virtual worlds, Oliver Bimber states that 'augmented reality means to integrate synthetic information into the real environment.'  So in simpler terms, augmented reality is bringing the fantasy into the real world, using some sort of technology for example a laptop or a Mobile phone.

I thought that looking at mobile phone applications would be quite a relevant topic to talk about as  ‘Global sales of smartphones increased by 50% during 2010’ states Danny Bluestone and therefore as more and more people are buying smartphones it is thought that applications are going to be the next big thing.

Application One

On Tuesday 16^th June 2009 mobile innovation company SPRX Mobile launched ‘Layar’ the world’s first augmented reality browser. It displays real time digital information on top of reality in the camera screen of a mobile phone. While looking through the camera lens, a user can see houses for sale, popular bars and shops, jobs, health care providers and ATMs. All you have to do to work this app is put in for example, a pizza restaurant, put in within X number of miles, hold you phone up in the direction that you wish to go and then as if by magic all the pizza restaurants within your set radius will appear on your screen within minutes. Danny Bluestone also describes this app in his blog ‘Locative Media’...

‘The Layar augmented reality app on the Android and the Iphone platforms utilises the latest location based technology to create its own interface: The Layer Reality Browser. It uses the phones camera, GPS and Gyroscope and overlays relevant layers (that you choose) on the phones screen. You can manipulate the interface to view the history of landmarks in real time, find users who are tweeting live in your area and find restaurants with an augmented reality life experience’

This is a link that will take you to a video which shows how the application actually works...

Application two

During my research I came across an app which I really liked the idea of. It was an augmented reality application that was locative based. This particular application was made for the 2009 Voodoo experience which took place in New Orleans over the Halloween weekend. The Voodoo experience is a popular music festival and the Voodoo experience augmented reality app was the first of its kind in America. It allowed the festival goer to use their phones, by pointing them at any stage, it would then display who was performing and a schedule of who else was going to be on, what time, and information about the artist. The app also allowed for the user to find out where they could get their favourite food or drink by simply moving the phone around the festival site. It also allowed for the user to find an ATM, the toilet and plan their escape strategy. The app was created to allow the user to spend less time getting lost and more time enjoying the music. Personally I think that they should do something like this for the festival goers in the UK.

Some people may think that augmented reality apps are not such a great thing and should we really be spending as much money as we do on trying to develop them. In answer to that question, I believe that such apps like the ones mentioned in this blog are going to get more and more popular as time goes on. They will soon be something that we use daily in order to go about our business and just like the mobile phone itself we may become reliant on them for finding out information or locations. ‘Brands and agencies can all leverage the huge opportunities of locative media. No matter what industry you are in, there is an app being developed or one that could be developed with location based technology to engage users in a new dimension.’ Soon they will be everywhere and I think it quite an exciting prospect.

Biliography

Books

Bimber O, 2005, Spatial augmented reality: merging real and virtual worlds Wellesley, A.K.Peters, Ltd. P.2

Web sources

Bluestone. D, 2010, BIMA Blog, Locative Media. Available at: http://blog.bima.co.uk/locative-media/ Last Accessed: 24/11/10
Matreen, 2010, Layar, 'Layar launches world's first Augmented Reality content store'. Available at: http://site.layar.com/company/blog/layar-launches-worlds-first-augmented-reality-content-store/. Last Accessed: 24/11/10

Images:

Layar App, Available at http://www.talkandroid.com/1264-layar-mobile-augmented-reality-app/. Last Accessed: 24/11/10

Voodoo festival app, Available at: http://www.mobilebehavior.com/2009/11/23/interview-zehnder-on-voodoo-augmented-reality-concert-experience/, Last Accessed: 24/11/10

Video

Layar Video, Available at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b64_16K2e08, Last Accessed: 24/11/10

Voodoo Experience, Available at: http://vimeo.com/6798742, Last Accessed: 24/11/10

The rise of Apple...

'Apple Inc. is one of the most influential companies in technology today, but it wasn't always that way. What started out as a one off hobby machine that a talented electronics wiz built for himself became the core of one of the largest and most successful companies of all time' (O'grady, 2009)

For years 'Microsoft Windows' was the number one for computers at home, in schools and at work but, over the past few years the 'Apple' brand has grown and grown. 'Apple has morphed imperceptibly from a small company that made cool computers, but enjoyed minuscule market share, into a global giant.' (O'Grady, 2009).

Apple now has a market cap of £140 billion, which means it is now bigger than 'Google' (£118 billion) and it is rapidly gaining on Microsoft whose market cap is around £170 billion

So where did it all start?

'Apple began in the Santa Clara Valley vicinity of California...when Stephen Gary Wozniak was introduced to Stephen Paul Jobs' (O'Grady, 2009). Wozniak liked to design computers and Jobs liked to build them.

In 1975 the 'Apple 1' was born. ' After the Apple 1 was complete Woz already had something better in mind' (O'Grady, 2009), he was always thinking of ways to improve his product, by using fewer chips and less expensive materials. They wanted to make them more powerful, faster and colourful, but since they were just a 'couple of entrepreneurial guys that didn't have the luxury of large staff or an R&D (Research and Development) budget, they had to preserve and struggle to keep it alive, but they had fun doing it'. It was their passion and commitment that has made 'Apple Inc.' what it is today.

Motherboard 'Apple 1'

Although window remains the dominant operating system, the amount of people turning to Mac's is on the rise and the rivalry between the two is bigger than ever. This is a blog I came across which talks in more detail about the rivalry between the two is bigger than ever Apple Vs Windows

Apple have been very clever with their branding and merchandising if their products. If something has the letter 'i' in front of it we automatically associate it with Apple, 'i-tunes, i-pod, ipad', etc. Apple has also been coined with being cool, fun and exciting. the i-pod adverts are eye catching, fun and colourful, all which are traits of the products themselves? The fun range of colours means that there is one to suit everyone.

When I come to think of it, I don't remember seeing any other MP3 player adverts of the TV. I think that it is fair to say that Apple rule the mp3 world with their i-pod range.I also think that in the future more and more people will turn to Mac's rather then Window's PCs. However, I think a big factor of Window's still being more popular than Mac's is the price. With Windows computers available from around £300, and Mac;s staring from around £850 it is no wonder Microsoft Windows still rule the computer world at this moment in time.

References


Books


O'Grady J, 2009. 'Apple Inc.', Greenwood Press, Westport P. 1, 7


Web


Arthur, C, 2010, 'Apple .thrilled' as quarterly profits jumps 70%', guardian.co.uk. 19th October, Available at: http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2010/oct/19/apple-profits-rise-ipad-mac, Lat Accessed:30/10/10


No named author, 2009, 'Great Corporate Rivalries in 2009'. Lifedividend.co.uk. 10th July, Available at: http://lifedividend.biz/2009/07/10/great-corporate-rivalries-in-2009/, Last Accessed: 30/10/10


No named author, 'Operating systems- History of operating systems-The rise of the Apple comptuer'. psexam.com. Available at: http://www.psexam.com/Notes-for-Computer-Science/operating-systems-history-of-operating-system-article/The-Rise-of-Apple-Computer.html, Last Accessed: 30/10/10


Images


Apple Logo

http://gawker.com/374234/apple-logo-makes-you-creative-really Last Accessed: 30/10/10


Motherboard

http://www.vintage.org/special/2003/apple-1/ Last Accessed: 30/10/10


Video

Nikzarea, 2006, 'I pod AD' Available at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NlHUz99l-eo. Last Accessed: 30/10/10

Nanotechnology: MEDICINE

During our second lecture on ‘Future Visions’ we briefly talked about a technology which is rapidly being developed and it is thought that it will be a massive element of medical technology in the near future. This technology is called nanotechnology. Firstly, it is important to try and explain what ‘nanotechnology’ literally means.

Although ‘an internationally standardized definition of nanotechnology has not yet been established’ we can try and come up with some sort of way of explaining what ‘nanotechnology’ is. Firstly the word ‘‘nano’ means one billionth. One nanometer...is 1/1,000,000,000 of a meter...To get a sense of the nano scale, a human hair measures 50,000 nanometers across, a bacterial cell measures a few hundred nanometers across...The smallest things seeable with the unaided human eye are 10,000 nanometers across.’

This image shows how small nano is.

The simplest way I found to describe what ‘nanotechnology’ actually is as a whole is: ‘Nanotechnology, shortened to “nanotech”, is the study of the controlling matter on an atomic and molecular scale. Generally nanotechnology deals with structures sized between 1 to 100 nanometer in at least one dimension, and involves developing materials or devices within that size’

A brief history of ‘nanotechnology’

Although ‘The term ‘nanotechnology’ was introduced by Professor Norio Taniguchi in 1973...’ Richard Freynman actually came up with the idea of ‘nanotechnology in 1959 with his famous lecture ‘There’s Plenty of Room at the Bottom’. ‘In it, Feynman challenged scientists to think about constructing atomic scale devices; a speech that 20 years later encourages Drexler to publish his early nanotechnology speculations’

Freynman

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Taniguchi

During my research I came across a flash website which featured a pretty cool timeline showing where nanotechnology originated from, who has developed it and how up to the present day. A very intresting and detailed education tree about nanotechnology

Nanotechnology and Health care

‘Nanotechnology has the potential to revolutionise healthcare for the next generation. There are three key areas in which it could do this: Diagnosis, Prevention and Treatment.’

‘The vision of the future is of harnessing the qualities of nanotechnology to eventually provide healthcare which operates purely from a preventative state, identifying and stopping potential sources of disease/illness in the body before they even get started.’

Diagnosis

‘Nanotechnology is of great use for medical diagnosis and various nanoparticles have exhibited tremendous potential for detecting disease markers, pre-cancerous cells, fragment of viruses and other indicators. Various metal coating and metal nanoparticles functionalized with different biomolecules has been found useful in detecting specific proteins, antibodies and other disease indicators.’

Prevention

‘The majority of healthcare is reactive rather than preventative. This is often some time after the initial infection or trauma, which means that tissue damage and suffering has already occurred. In some cases this damage can be irreparable, in others permanent reminders remain (such as loss of function of that body part or scarring). ‘

.Therefore, possibly the most important aspect of nanomedicine in the future will be its potential to prevent illness, rather than simply treating it. Nanotechnology will contribute to this through more effective monitoring of individuals’ health (allowing diseases to be caught in their infancy) and more sterile hospital environments (limiting the opportunity for bacteria, viruses and other microbes to cause secondary disease). Understanding the genetic make-up of the patient will also allow the doctor to prescribe personalised medicine.’

Using nanotechnology in order to prevent illness is an amazing thought. It means that hundreds maybe even thousands of lives could potentially be saved and doctors will be able to treat patients with more confidence as they would know exactly what medication a patient’s body needs. ‘It will be possible to provide personalised medicine designed for individual patients and their particular illness.’

Treatment

‘At present, treatment of illness tends to use quite old-fashioned, well-established methods. These methods are obviously not always entirely successful, with general solutions and treatments often being applied to very specific problems.

Furthermore, current healthcare can often cause additional problems such as rejection or a bad reaction to a transplant.

The danger of implant rejection can be minimised through ‘body-friendly’ nano-coatings, whilst there are also new techniques being developed to allow drugs to be more accurately targeted.’

The above image shows 'nanotechnology' at work reparing a damaged red blood cell.

I think that the use of 'nanotechnology' in medicine is an amazing achievement and after learning more about it I believe a huge growth in the development and use of 'Nanotechnology' in the near future.

Although this blog focuses on 'nanotechnology' in medicine, it is also being used in other sectors for example

Cosmetics

Food

Clothes

These links will take you to some blogs I found whilst doing my research and I think you will find them very intresting...

Refrencing

Books

Malanowski, N, 2006, ‘Growth market nanotechnology: an analysis of technology and innovation’.  Wiley VCH, P. 8.

Ratner, M, 2003, ‘Nanotechnology: a gentle introduction to the next big idea’. Pearson Education, P.7

Tibbals, H, ‘Medical nanotechnology and nonomedicne’. CRC Press, P.31

Online sources

 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanotechnology Last Accessed 20/10/2010

 http://www.nanoforum.org/educationtree/othersections/nanotimeline.htm Last Accessed 20/10/2010

 No named Author, 2010,’Nanotechnology in cosmetics’, No date, Available at; http://www.idea.ideabing.com/2010/08/15/nanotechnology-in-cosmetics/# Last Accessed: 20/10/10

http://www.nanoforum.org/educationtree/healthcare/healthcare.htm Last Accessed 20/10/2010

http://www.nanoforum.org/educationtree/healthcare/healthcare-prevention.htm Last Accessed 20/10/2010

http://www.nanoforum.org/educationtree/healthcare/healthcare-treatment.htm Last Accessed 20/10/2010

http://www.nanotechnologydevelopment.com/medical/nanotechnology-for-medical-diagnosis.html Last Accessed 20/10/2010

Garber, C, 2007, ‘Nanowork’, ‘Nanotechnology food coming to a fridge near you’, 28^th December 2006, Available at;  http://www.nanowerk.com/spotlight/spotid=1360.php Last Accessed; 20/10/2010

No named author, 2004, ‘Nanotech in fashion: The trend in New Fabrics’, 7^th September 2004, Available at:  http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=3892457 Last Accessed; 20/10/2010  

Images

How technology works: http://science.howstuffworks.com/nanotechnology.htm Last Accessed: 20/10/10

Freynmann: http://particlezoo.wordpress.com/2008/09/08/what-would-feynman-do/ Last Accessed 20/10/10

Taniguchi http://www.euspen.eu/default.asp?ContentID=712 Last Accessed 20/10/10

Nanotechnology at work http://www.piercemattie.com/blogs/2006/05/nanotech_sunscreens_at_risk_co.html Last Accessed 20/10/10

'Is our wild digital world a blessing or a curse?'

During out first lecture on ‘Emergent Media and Markets’ we studied an academic journalist called Dr. Aleks Krotoski. ‘Krotoski’ has been writing for over 10 years, she studies technology and interactivity writing columns for ‘The Guardian’ and ‘The Observer’.

After the lecture I decided that my first blog was going to focus on Aleks Krotoski looking at her views of new technologies, studying her articles and blogs.

As a starting point to my research I decided to watch ‘The Virtual Revolution’, a documentary presented by 'Aleks Krotoski', aired on BBC 2 in January of this year. It is a documentary which focuses on the World Wide Web and how it had changed our lives, ‘20 years on from the invention of the World Wide Web Dr Aleks Krotoski explores how it is reshaping almost every aspect of our lives.’

The four part series was extremely interesting to watch however, it was something that Aleks Krotoski said during the first episode that made me change the main focus of this blog...

During the first episode Krotoski asks ‘Is our wild digital world a blessing or a curse?’ this is something which got me thinking, therefore the main body of this blog will try and evaluate both sides too this statement, focusing on the Internet  and social networking, looking at theorists and writers  to try and come to some sort of conclusion.

When asked the question’ Is our digital world a blessing or a curse?’ Most of us would start by arguing that a digital world is of course a blessing. It has given us the Internet, the whole world at our finger tips. If there is anything that we need to find out or learn about we could have all the answers in under a second just by using a search engine like ‘Google’. Around 20-25% of the world’s population have access to the Internet, this may not sound like a massive amount of people but considering the Internet only became widely available in the mid 1990’s this is quite a remarkable figure.  It is a free way to stay connected, not only with friends and family by using social networking sites such as ‘facebook’ but also with what is going on in the world with live news feeds or sports results sent straight to your phone.

 ‘Linked out' is a journal written about social networking looking by Aleks Krotoski. It discusses social networking and other online communities, a very worthwhile read. Linked out?

So a bit about ‘facebook’...’facebook’ was launched in February 2004 and was created by ‘Mark Zuckerberg’. It is the number one social networking site; it has more than 500 million active users of which 50% of the users are active daily. Each user has an average of 130 friends, and people spend over 700 billion minutes of ‘facebook’ per month. (Statistics from the ‘facebook’ website http://www.facebook.com/press/info.php?statistics)

This month has also seen the release of the film ‘The Social Network’ a film about 'facebook' that I haven’t yet seen but will be going to watch in the near future.

Storyline

 ‘On a fall night in 2003, Harvard undergrad and computer programming genius Mark Zuckerberg sits down at his computer and heatedly begins working on a new idea. In a fury of blogging and programming, what begins in his dorm room soon becomes a global social network and a revolution in communication. A mere six years and 500 million friends later, Mark Zuckerberg is the youngest billionaire in history... but for this entrepreneur, success leads to both personal and legal complications.’

The Internet has not only allowed us to have access to endless information it has also ‘helped to reintroduce us to one another and has inspired us to get involved with our local communities.’ ‘The Internet has become a vital source of information, sociability and engagement. The people we know online are our global friends and family, but by bringing them together from all over the world, the Internet has become our most important avenue for local change.’ 

We have looked at some advantages it is now important to look at the other side of the argument. This phenomenon has been blamed for creating a generation of web addicts. Children spend hours a day sat in front of a computer playing games or on ‘facebook’ how can this be healthy? Susan Greenfield is someone who would definitely argue that the Internet and social networking damages children. Greenfield is a professor who studies including brain physiology. She went to the House of Lords claiming that modern technology, in particular social networking sites may have a negative impact on a child’s development.  She believes that it hinders the development of social skills. She also states that they reduce the attention span of children. ‘Social networking websites are causing alarming changes in the brains of young users, an eminent scientist has warned.’ 

This article in ‘The Mail’ highlights the problems of social networking and takes a very negative approach towards it.  The Mail

Even though the Internet provides us with endless information not everything we are presented with may not be accurate. ‘Wikipedia’ is a great example of this. It can be claimed that ‘Wikipedia’ will give you the answer to any question or give you information about almost any topic you could think of. However, it is very hard to know if what you are reading is accurate or not. Anyone who has Internet access can edit information which is put onto ‘Wikipedia’, as highlighted in the documentary ‘The Virtual Revolution’. It empowers each and every one of us and with 65 million people using it each month how many of them are being given the wrong information?

Another disadvantage of social networking and the Internet in general is the issue of privacy. Anything you put onto ‘facebook’ will never be deleted, somewhere in the world of the web something you thought you have deleted will still be ‘floating’ around in cyberspace. There is also the issue of hackers. Thousands maybe even millions of people a year get hacked losing money and valuable information. There is so much information about people online but it only takes one person to find out everything they need to know to empty your bank account.

In my opinion I believe that the world is a much better place now we have the Internet. It is a place for us to work, play and socialize with people that live across the globe. Its quick, it’s easy, and it’s convenient. We can learn so much, voice our opinions too millions and join in with other people who have the same moral and beliefs as ourselves. Some children may spend too long surfing the web but maybe they might be learning something? Not everything we see online has a negative impact.

References 

Newspapers and Journals

Derbyshire.D, 24th February 2009, 'Social websites harm children's brains: Chilling warnings to parents from top neuroscientist', The Mail.co.uk. Available at: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1153583/Social-websites-harm-childrens-brains-Chilling-warning-parents-neuroscientist.html (Last Accessed 16/10/10)

Krotoski. A, 'Linked Out?', RSA. Available at: http://www.thersa.org/fellowship/journal/features/features/linked-out. (Last accessed 16/10/10)

No author, 'About The Virtual Reveloution', BBC. Available at:  http://www.bbc.co.uk/virtualrevolution/about.shtml, ( Last accessed 16/10/10)

No author, 'Digital innovation and it's effects on overall culture'. Available at: http://ccit205.wikispaces.com/Pros+and+Cons+of+the+new+digital+world. (Last Accessed 16/10/10)

Other web sources

IMDB, 'The social network' , http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1285016/. (Last Accessed 16/10/10)

Youtube, 'Trailer', http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lB95KLmpLR4. (Last Accessed 16/10/10)

Image 1

Aleks Krotoski

 http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/gamesblog/2009/mar/11/indie-game-engine-technology-development (Last accessed 16/10/10)

Image 2

Facebook

http://www.google.co.uk/imgres?imgurl=http://www.montana.edu/freshmen/facebook_pic.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.montana.edu/freshmen/&usg=__dQaPNQWrMZPy-HwLXU2FvKpcCPU=&h=790&w=2100&sz=135&hl=en&start=0&zoom=1&tbnid=WnsmOCuSOUlvmM:&tbnh=52&tbnw=138&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dfacebook%26hl%3Den%26biw%3D663%26bih%3D514%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=52&vpy=123&dur=130&hovh=138&hovw=366&tx=223&ty=75&ei=5fa5TPv8M46A5Ab2pLWvDw&oei=5fa5TPv8M46A5Ab2pLWvDw&esq=1&page=1&ndsp=12&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:0

(Last Accessed 16/10/10)